System Modelling of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) with Three Natural Dye Extracts Using Simulation MATLAB

Abstrak

This article designs the modeling of the electrical parameters of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using MATLAB simulation. An equivalent single diode circuit model is developed to simulate the physical parameters that affect the electron work in DSSCs. In this study, we investigate the suitability of natural dye extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (VAA), Goeppertia macrosepala (GMA) leaves and Cnestis ferruginea (CFA) fruit as photosensitizers in DSSCs. The influence of solvents on the performance of these three natural dye extracts is also examined. These coefficients are determined from existing UV-Vis analysis data. The model simulates the I-V and P-V characteristics of DSSCs sensitized with natural dyes at temperatures ranging from 17 to 37°C (290-310 K) and solar radiation intensity between 2-4 kWh/m². The results show that increasing the temperature slightly increases the voltage output, while higher solar radiation intensity significantly increases the current in all dyes. The validity of the model is confirmed through experimental data, with slight differences caused by the operating temperature in the experimental setup. Comparative analysis shows that dyes with higher absorption coefficients, such as GMA and VAA, produce higher current and power output than CFA.  This study resulted in an effective MATLAB modeling to predict the performance of DSSCs with natural dyes and improve understanding and optimization.